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Tasmanian Tiger: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Thylacines.jpg|thumb|left|The same family in 1910. Photo by unknown photographer.]] | [[File:Thylacines.jpg|thumb|left|The same family in 1910. Photo by unknown photographer.]] | ||
There is evidence for at least some year-round breeding, the prime breeding season was winter and spring. Litters of two to four joeys would be carried in the mother's pouch for about three months. Once they left the pouch, the young would remain in the den until they were old enough to hunt. There has only been one successful captive breeding: in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne_Zoo Melbourne Zoo] in 1899. | There is evidence for at least some year-round breeding, though the prime breeding season was winter and spring. Litters of two to four joeys would be carried in the mother's pouch for about three months. Once they left the pouch, the young would remain in the den until they were old enough to hunt. There has only been one successful captive breeding: in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne_Zoo Melbourne Zoo] in 1899. The life expectancy in the wild was 5-7 years, however they could live up to 9 years in human care. | ||
An [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apex_predator apex predator] in its homeland, the Tasmanian Tiger was at the top of the food chain. It was a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturnal_animal nocturnal] (nighttime) and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crepuscular crepuscular] (twilight hours) hunter, and would spend the daytime hours resting in nests inside small caves and hollowed-out tree trunks. Those who observed the animals in the wild noted they were rather shy and avoided humans, preferring to postpone the hunt and hide until the human presence was gone. It was exclusively carnivorous, with its primary prey thought to be ground-dwelling birds such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_nativehen Tasmanian Nativehen]. Other prey might have been [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_malleefowl Giant malleefowl], emus, and possibly [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dromornithidae dromornithids]. | |||
Despite being fearsome carnivores, there is some controversy and speculation over the preferred prey size of the Thylacine/Tasmanian Tiger. In 2011, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_New_South_Wales University of New South Wales] performed a study using advanced computer modelling. The results concluded the tiger had surprisingly weak and feeble jaws. Another study in 2020 produced similar results. Animals are usually capable of taking on prey close to their own body size, but the studies suggest a 30 kilograms (66 lb.) Tasmanian Tiger would only be able to take on an animal of 5 kilograms (11 lb.). Scientists now believe they ate primarily small animals, such as possums and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandicoot bandicoots]. This would put them in direct competition with the Tasmanian Devil and Tiger Quoll. | |||
The last captive Tasmanian Tiger (known as a Thylacine in this case) was a female, and she lived as an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endling endling] (the known last of its species) at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobart_Zoo Hobart Zoo] until her passing in the night of 7 September 1936. | |||
|trivia=[[File:Coat of arms of Tasmania.svg|thumb|right| The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Tasmania Coat of Arms of Tasmania], featuring Tasmanian tigers/thylacines. The Latin phrase ''Ubertas et Fidelitas'' means "Fertility and Faithfulness".]] | |trivia=[[File:Coat of arms of Tasmania.svg|thumb|right| The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Tasmania Coat of Arms of Tasmania], featuring Tasmanian tigers/thylacines. The Latin phrase ''Ubertas et Fidelitas'' means "Fertility and Faithfulness".]] | ||
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* The thylacine/Tasmanian tiger is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_(phylogenetics) basal] member of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyuromorphia Dasyuromorphia] order. | * The thylacine/Tasmanian tiger is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_(phylogenetics) basal] member of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyuromorphia Dasyuromorphia] order. | ||
* They had an unusual talent of being able to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:%22Benjamin%22.jpg open their jaws up to 80 degrees]. | * They had an unusual talent of being able to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:%22Benjamin%22.jpg open their jaws up to 80 degrees]. | ||
* It is featured on the Coat of Arms of Tasmania. | |||
* Thanks to preserved specimens in private collections and museums, its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whole_genome_sequencing whole genome sequence] has been mapped and there are efforts to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloning clone] them and bring them back to life. | * Thanks to preserved specimens in private collections and museums, its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whole_genome_sequencing whole genome sequence] has been mapped and there are efforts to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloning clone] them and bring them back to life. | ||
|reference=* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylacine#Last_of_the_Speecies Wikipedia Page] | |reference=* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylacine#Last_of_the_Speecies Wikipedia Page] | ||
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* Dixon, Joan. "Fauna of Australia chap.20 vol.1b" (PDF). Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 January 2009. Retrieved 22 November 2006. | * Dixon, Joan. "Fauna of Australia chap.20 vol.1b" (PDF). Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 January 2009. Retrieved 22 November 2006. | ||
* Paddle (2000), pp. 228–231 | * Paddle (2000), pp. 228–231 | ||
* "Shrinking Tasmanian tigers: Resizing an Australian icon". phys.org. Retrieved 19 August 2020. | |||
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