Tasmanian Tiger: Difference between revisions

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|diet=Carnivore
|diet=Carnivore
|lifespan=5-7 years
|lifespan=5-7 years
|wikilink=[[wikipedia:Thylacine#Last_of_the_Speecies|Thylacine]]
|wikilink=[[wikipedia:Thylacine#Last_of_the_Species|Thylacine]]
|conservationstatus={{EX}}
|conservationstatus={{EX}}
}}
}}
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There is evidence for at least some year-round breeding, though the prime breeding season was winter and spring. Litters of two to four joeys would be carried in the mother's pouch for about three months. Once they left the pouch, the young would remain in the den until they were old enough to hunt. There has only been one successful captive breeding: in the [[wikipedia:Melbourne Zoo|Melbourne Zoo]] in 1899. The life expectancy in the wild was 5-7 years, however they could live up to 9 years in human care.  
There is evidence for at least some year-round breeding, though the prime breeding season was winter and spring. Litters of two to four joeys would be carried in the mother's pouch for about three months. Once they left the pouch, the young would remain in the den until they were old enough to hunt. There has only been one successful captive breeding: in the [[wikipedia:Melbourne Zoo|Melbourne Zoo]] in 1899. The life expectancy in the wild was 5-7 years, however they could live up to 9 years in human care.  


An [[wikipedia:Apex predator|apex predator]] in its homeland, the Tasmanian tiger was at the top of the food chain. It was a [[wikipedia:Nocturnal animal|nocturnal]] (nighttime) and [[wikipedia:Crepuscular|crepuscular]] (twilight hours) hunter, and would spend the daytime hours resting in nests inside small caves and hollowed-out tree trunks. Those who observed the animals in the wild noted they were rather shy and avoided humans, preferring to postpone the hunt and hide until the human presence was gone. It was exclusively carnivorous, with its primary prey thought to be ground-dwelling birds such as the [[wikipedia:Tasmanian nativehen|Tasmanian nativehen]]. Other prey might have been [[wikipedia:Giant malleefowl|Giant malleefowl]], emus, and possibly [[wikipedia:Dromornithidae|dromornithids]].  
An [[wikipedia:Apex predator|apex predator]] in its homeland, the Tasmanian tiger was at the top of the food chain. It was a [[wikipedia:Nocturnal animal|nocturnal]] (nighttime) and [[wikipedia:Crepuscular|crepuscular]] (twilight hours) hunter, and would spend the daytime hours resting in nests inside small caves and hollowed-out tree trunks. Those who observed the animals in the wild noted they were rather shy and avoided humans, preferring to postpone the hunt and hide until the human presence was gone. It was exclusively carnivorous, with its primary prey thought to be ground-dwelling birds such as the [[wikipedia:Tasmanian nativehen|Tasmanian nativehen]]. Other prey might have been [[wikipedia:Giant malleefowl|giant malleefowl]], [[Emu|emus]], and possibly [[wikipedia:Dromornithidae|dromornithids]].  


Despite being fearsome carnivores, there is some controversy and speculation over the preferred prey size of the thylacine/Tasmanian tiger. In 2011, the [[wikipedia:University of New South Wales|University of New South Wales]] performed a study using advanced computer modelling. The results concluded the tiger had surprisingly weak and feeble jaws. Another study in 2020 produced similar results. Animals are usually capable of taking on prey close to their own body size, but the studies suggest a 30 kilograms (66 lb.) Tasmanian Tiger would only be able to take on an animal of 5 kilograms (11 lb.). Scientists now believe they ate primarily small animals, such as possums and [[wikipedia:Bandicoot|bandicoots]]. This would put them in direct competition with the Tasmanian devil and tiger quoll.  
Despite being fearsome carnivores, there is some controversy and speculation over the preferred prey size of the thylacine/Tasmanian tiger. In 2011, the [[wikipedia:University of New South Wales|University of New South Wales]] performed a study using advanced computer modelling. The results concluded the tiger had surprisingly weak and feeble jaws. Another study in 2020 produced similar results. Animals are usually capable of taking on prey close to their own body size, but the studies suggest a 30 kilograms (66 lb.) Tasmanian tiger would only be able to take on an animal of 5 kilograms (11 lb.). Scientists now believe they ate primarily small animals, such as possums and [[wikipedia:Bandicoot|bandicoots]]. This would put them in direct competition with the [[Tasmanian Devil|Tasmanian devil]] and [[Wikipedia:Tiger quoll|tiger quoll]].  


The last captive Tasmanian tiger (known as a thylacine in this case) was a female, and she lived as an [[wikipedia:Endling|endling]] (the known last of a species) at the [[wikipedia:Hobart Zoo|Hobart Zoo]] until her passing in the night of 7 September 1936. She had been captured by one Elias Churchill with a snare trap and was sold to the zoo in May 1936. The sale was not publicly announced because the use of snare traps was illegal. After her passing, the remains were transferred to the [[wikipedia:Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery|Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery]]. Due to the illegal nature of her capture, the ordeal was not properly recorded and almost forgotten about until circa 2022. A taxidermist record dated from 1936 or 1937 was discovered and had a mention the animal. This led to a full audit of all thylacine remains at the museum and the endling's successful identification.  
The last captive Tasmanian tiger (known as a thylacine in this case) was a female, and she lived as an [[wikipedia:Endling|endling]] (the last known individual of a species) at the [[wikipedia:Hobart Zoo|Hobart Zoo]] until her passing in the night of 7 September 1936. She had been captured by Elias Churchill with a snare trap and was sold to the zoo in May 1936. The sale was not publicly announced because the use of snare traps was illegal. After her passing, the remains were transferred to the [[wikipedia:Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery|Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery]]. Due to the illegal nature of her capture, the ordeal was not properly recorded and almost forgotten about until circa 2022. A taxidermist record dated from 1936 or 1937 was discovered and had a mention of the animal. This led to a full audit of all thylacine remains at the museum and the endling's successful identification.  


The Tasmanian tiger/thylacine held the status of [[wikipedia:Endangered species|endangered species]] until the 1980s. International standards at the time stated that ''"an animal can not be declared extinct until 50 years have passed without a confirmed record"''. Since no definitive proof of existence had been obtained for more than 50 years, the official criteria had been met and the Tasmanian tiger was declared extinct by the [[wikipedia:International Union for Conservation of Nature|International Union for Conservation of Nature]] in 1982 and by the Tasmanian government in 1986. The species was removed from Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in 2013.
The Tasmanian tiger/thylacine held the status of [[wikipedia:Endangered species|endangered species]] until the 1980s. International standards at the time stated that ''"an animal can not be declared extinct until 50 years have passed without a confirmed record"''. Since no definitive proof of existence had been obtained for more than 50 years, the official criteria had been met and the Tasmanian tiger was declared extinct by the [[wikipedia:International Union for Conservation of Nature|International Union for Conservation of Nature]] in 1982 and by the Tasmanian government in 1986. The species was removed from Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in 2013.
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* While the Tasmanian tiger is another name for the thylacine, they are two similar but separate friends in the ''Kemono Friends'' franchise.
* While the Tasmanian tiger is another name for the thylacine, they are two similar but separate friends in the ''Kemono Friends'' franchise.
* The name "thylacine" is derived from the Greek words ''thýlakos'' meaning "pouch" and ''ine'' meaning "pertaining to", referring to the underbelly pouch marsupials are known for. Interestingly, both males and females had the pouch.  
* The name "thylacine" is derived from the Greek words ''thýlakos'' meaning "pouch" and ''ine'' meaning "pertaining to", referring to the underbelly pouch marsupials are known for. Interestingly, both males and females had the pouch.  
* The closest living relative is the [[Tasmanian devil]].  
* Their closest living relative is the [[Tasmanian Devil|Tasmanian devil]].  
* The thylacine/Tasmanian tiger is a [[wikipedia:Basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] member of the [[wikipedia:Dasyuromorphia|Dasyuromorphia]] order.
* The thylacine/Tasmanian tiger is a [[wikipedia:Basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] member of the [[wikipedia:Dasyuromorphia|Dasyuromorphia]] order.
* They had an unusual talent of being able to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:%22Benjamin%22.jpg open their jaws up to 80 degrees].  
* They had an unusual talent of being able to [[Wikipedia:File:%22Benjamin%22.jpg|open their jaws up to 80 degrees]].  
* Captive thylacines/Tasmanian tigers had a clear preference for birds, particularly chickens.
* Captive thylacines/Tasmanian tigers had a clear preference for birds, particularly chickens.
* It is featured on the Coat of Arms of Tasmania.  
* It is featured on the Coat of Arms of Tasmania.  
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