Japanese Giant Salamander

Japanese Giant Salamander
オオサンショウウオ
Character Data
Romaji		Ōsanshō̄o
Debut		Kemono Friends (2015 Game)
Animal Data
Scientific Name		Andrias japonicus
Distribution		southwestern Japan
Diet		Carnivore
Avg. Lifespan		Nearly 80 years
Read More		Japanese giant salamander
Conservation

Japanese Giant Salamander​

Nexon Game

Japanese Giant Salamander is a type of amphibian Friend that appeared in the original Kemono Friends mobile game.

Appearance

Japanese Giant Salamander has smooth greyish brown hair at medium length with dark patches. She has a dark eye color similar to her hair. She has a thick dark tail with a round end. She is in a greenish grey bikini with dark ruffles resembling the skin folds of her species. On top she wears an open, pinkish see-through sleep gown with dark ruffles. She is wearing dark sandals with a ribbon on them. At the back there is a long thick tail with coloration like the original animal.

Series Appearances

Appearances In Kemono Friends Media

Media		Role

In Real Life

Japanese giant salamander is a species of aquatic salamander living exclusively in freshwater rivers and streams of southwestern Japan. It is the third-largest salamander in the world with a length of up to 1.5m (5 feet). It is a special natural monument in Japan and is protected by law.

A Japanese giant salamander in Tottori Prefecture, Japan. Photo by Salamandra2021.

The species has a brown and black mottled skin as camouflage against the riverbeds. Its skin has large folds at its neck to help breathe through skin more effectively. Its body surface is covered with many small warts. It has very tiny eyes with poor eye sight and a wide mouth extends across the width of its head. On each jaw there are 2 rows of tiny teeth. Each of its front leg have 4 toes while its hind legs have 5. Its primary diet includes crabs, frogs, and fish. It has a very low metabolic rate and can survive without eating for weeks. It has a long lifespan with records of 52 years in captivity and nearly 80 years in the wild. During Summer, a strong male called 'nushi' (ヌシ) secures a cave or crevice favourable for breeding to attract a number of females to visit. The nushi can gather 300 to 700, or even to 1000 eggs. The nushi guards the eggs for 3 to 4 months until they hatch, which is around October and November in Japan.

The amphibian is considered Near Threatened by IUCN. Water pollution, habitat loss, invasive species and manmade structures along rivers are the major threats. Concrete banks and dams in particular has serious impact to its survival as they destroyed its nesting sites and block migration paths respectively. Another serious threat is the hybridisation with Chinese Giant Salamander which is an invasive species introduced back in 1970s as a food source but was released into the wild. The existence of the hybrid has greatly reduced the population of the native one. In Kamo River of Kyoto, the hybrid currently takes up about 80% of the populations while the Japanese Giant Salamander is estimated to be only 10%.

Though Japanese Giant Salamanders live in streams or rivers away from human, sometimes they may appear or get washed downstream to man-made waterways during rainy seasons. There have been sightings of them in rivers within urban areas of Kyoto and Hiroshima.

Trivia

• The species's Japanese name (山椒魚) came from the name of Japanese pepper (山椒, sanshō).

• Japanese giant salamander is worshipped at a shrine in the city Maniwa, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. A festival is held to honor the giant amphibian on 8th August every year in the same city.
• The Kyoto Zoo is one of the few places that exhibits purebred Japanese Giant Salamander.

References

• Kyoto Aquarium - Japanese Giant Salamander exhibition.
• Sustainable Daisen, a NGO in Japan holding campaigns in an effort to conserve of Japanese giant salamanders and their habitats https://www.sustainabledaisen.org/en/about-sustainable-daisen